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EU: CJEU referral of Spain for failure to transpose two VAT directives

VAT directives relating to SMEs and special scheme for second-hand goods, works of art, collectors' items, and antiques

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March 11, 2026

The European Commission (EC) yesterday announced that it has decided to refer Spain to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)—requesting the imposition of financial sanctions—for failing to transpose the following two directives related to value added tax (VAT) measures into national law:

  • Council Directive (EU) 2020/285 on VAT rules applicable to small and medium enterprises (SMEs)—although application of the VAT exemption for SMEs is optional for member states, the provisions that allow SMEs established in Spain to apply the exemption scheme in other member states must be transposed
  • Council Directive (EU) 2022/542 providing several mandatory rules regarding:
    • Place of supply for VAT purposes of certain services when they are streamed or otherwise made virtually available
    • VAT special scheme for second-hand goods, works of art, collectors' items, and antiques

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