The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) was introduced in order to apply the same CO2 costs to energy-intensive products imported into the EU as apply to goods produced within Europe. The phased introduction of CBAM is intended to prevent the emigration of production to countries with low CO2 taxes ("carbon leakage").
From 1 October 2023 to 31 December 2025, the transition phase will apply, during which affected companies must report the emissions of goods covered by CBAM via an EU portal.