In the intricate narrative of social protection, migrant workers and urban poor stand as pivotal figures. This document begins by highlighting the vulnerabilities of migrant workers and urban poor and the recent initiatives taken by the government to respond to their needs. The document further delineates the gaps in the social protection delivery chain and the unique challenges faced by them in accessing social protection. Drawing upon extensive research, expertise, and experience, the publication offers insights, analyses, learnings, and way forward to guide policymakers and practitioners in crafting gender responsive and inclusive approaches to social protection delivery, especially for migrants and urban poor.