In 2019 Shell had more Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions than the country of Japan – the world’s third largest economy in nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) terms. Shell and all its peers in the oil and gas sector are clearly major contributors to GHG emissions – no surprise there. Shell, with an ESG score of AA according to MSCI1 , one of the leading ESG research firms, is just one level away from the best possible ESG score according to MSCI. In fact, Shell has a better ESG score than Tesla (ESG score of A), a company that is developing electric vehicles that will help to reduce global GHG emissions in the transport sector.